更新時(shi)間:2023-05-08
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YD系列(lie)輕型(xing)高壓(ya)試驗變壓(ya)器(qi)是根據(ju)機(ji)電部《試驗變壓(ya)器(qi)》標準在(zai)原同(tong)類產品基礎(chu)上(shang)經過(guo)(guo)大量改進(jin)后(hou)而(er)生(sheng)產的輕型(xing)交直流高壓(ya)試驗變是在(zai)(G)系列(lie)試驗變壓(ya)器(qi)的基礎(chu)上(shang)按(an)照國家標準《ZBK-41006-89》經過(guo)(guo)改進(jin)后(hou)而(er)生(sheng)產的一(yi)種新型(xing)產品。
YD系列輕型高壓試驗變壓器
概述:
輕型(xing)交直(zhi)流高(gao)壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓器是(shi)根據(ju)機電(dian)部《試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓器》標準在(zai)原同類產(chan)品(pin)基礎上經(jing)(jing)過(guo)大量(liang)改進后(hou)而(er)(er)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)輕型(xing)交直(zhi)流高(gao)壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變是(shi)在(zai)(G)系(xi)列(lie)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變壓器的(de)(de)基礎上按照國家標準《ZBK-41006-89》經(jing)(jing)過(guo)改進后(hou)而(er)(er)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)一種新型(xing)產(chan)品(pin)。本系(xi)列(lie)產(chan)品(pin)具(ju)有體積小、重(zhong)量(liang)輕、結構緊(jin)湊、功能(neng)齊全,通(tong)用(yong)(yong)性(xing)強和使(shi)用(yong)(yong)方便等特點。特別適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)力系(xi)統、工礦企業、科研部門等對各種高(gao)壓電(dian)氣(qi)設備、電(dian)氣(qi)元件、絕(jue)緣材料進行匯頻或直(zhi)流高(gao)壓下的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣強度試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)。是(shi)高(gao)壓試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中*的(de)(de)重(zhong)要設備。
YD系列輕型高壓試驗變壓器
產品結構
輕(qing)型高壓(ya)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)器采(cai)用單框芯(xin)式結構(gou)。初(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)組繞(rao)在鐵芯(xin)上、高壓(ya)繞(rao)組在外(wai),這種同軸布置減(jian)少了漏磁通,因而增大(da)了繞(rao)組間的耦(ou)合。產(chan)品的外(wai)殼制(zhi)成與(yu)器芯(xin)配合較(jiao)佳的八角(jiao)結構(gou),整體外(wai)形美觀大(da)方(fang)。其外(wai)部結構(gou)圖(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)1,內部結構(gou)見(jian)圖(tu)2。
變(bian)壓器外部結構示意(yi)圖
1—短(duan)路桿D 2—均壓(ya)(ya)球 3—高壓(ya)(ya)套管
4—變壓器提(ti)手 5—油閥 6、7—次壓輸(shu)入a、x
8、9—測(ce)量端子E F 10—變壓(ya)器外(wai)殼接地端 11—高壓(ya)尾(wei)
12—高壓輸(shu)出A 13—高壓硅堆 14—變壓器(qi)油
15—鐵芯(xin) 16—次低壓(ya)繞(rao)組(zu) 17—測量繞(rao)組(zu)
18—二次高壓繞組
在試驗變壓器中,a、x為低壓輸(shu)入端(duan)(duan)子,E、F為低度(du)表(biao)測量端(duan)(duan)子,A、X為高壓輸(shu)出。
工作原理:
輕型高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器為(wei)單(dan)相變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器,聯結(jie)組標號I.I.用二頻220V(10KVA以(yi)上(shang)為(wei)380V)電源(yuan)接入(ru)系列操(cao)作箱(xiang)(臺),經(jing)操(cao)作箱(xiang)內自耦調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(50KVA以(yi)上(shang)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器外附)調(diao)節至0-200V(或0-400V)
電(dian)(dian)壓輸出至試驗變壓器的(de)初(chu)級繞組(zu),根據電(dian)(dian)磁感應原理,在試驗變壓器高(gao)壓繞組(zu)可(ke)獲得試驗所需的(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓。
1、 單臺試驗變(bian)壓(ya)器的工作(zuo)原理(li)圖見圖3
圖(tu)3:單臺高壓試驗變壓器原理圖(tu)
2、單臺(tai)試驗(yan)變壓(ya)(ya)器工作(zuo)(zuo)原(yuan)理圖見(jian)圖4,圖中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)套管中(zhong)裝有(you)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui),串接在高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)回路(lu)中(zhong)作(zuo)(zuo)半(ban)波整流,以獲(huo)得直(zhi)流高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。當用(yong)一短路(lu)桿將高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅堆(dui)短接時,可獲(huo)得工頻高(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya),作(zuo)(zuo)為交流輸出狀(zhuang)態,取消短路(lu)桿時,作(zuo)(zuo)為直(zhi)流輸出狀(zhuang)態。
圖4單臺交直(zhi)流試驗變壓(ya)器原理圖
圖中:D-短(duan)路桿 VD-高壓硅(gui)堆
3、三臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)(chuan)級(ji)(ji)獲(huo)得更(geng)高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結線原(yuan)理圖 5。串(chuan)(chuan)級(ji)(ji)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性,因為(wei)整(zheng)個試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置由幾(ji)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)成,單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)容量(liang)小(xiao),電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量(liang)輕、便于(yu)運輸(shu)和(he)(he)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang),它既然可串(chuan)(chuan)接(jie)成高出(chu)幾(ji)倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)合使(shi)用,又可分開成幾(ji)套(tao)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單獨使(shi)用。整(zheng)套(tao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置投資小(xiao),經濟實惠(hui)。圖5中,在*級(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)第(di)二(er)級(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每個單無試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中都有(you)一個勵(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)A1、C2和(he)(he)A2、C2。在三臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)串(chuan)(chuan)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本(ben)原(yuan)理圖中,低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源加(jia)在試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)I的(de)(de)(de)(de);初(chu)級(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)a1×1組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是V。勵(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)A1、C1給(gei)第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)I Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)。第(di)二(er)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)勵(li)磁繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)A2、C2給(gei)第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)I Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級(ji)(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)供電(dian)(dian)。第(di)二(er)級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)(he)第(di)三級(ji)(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)箱體(ti)分別處在對(dui)(dui)地(di)為(wei)1V和(he)(he)2V的(de)(de)(de)(de)高電(dian)(dian)位上,氫箱體(ti)對(dui)(dui)地(di)是絕緣的(de)(de)(de)(de),試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)I的(de)(de)(de)(de)箱體(ti)是接(jie)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。這樣*級(ji)(ji)、第(di)二(er)級(ji)(ji)、第(di)三試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)(dui)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分別為(wei)1V、2V、3V、其額定(ding)容量(liang)分別為(wei)3P、2P、1P。
試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器高壓套(tao)管中(zhong)的高壓硅堆未畫出,其原(yuan)理(li)與上圖相同。
四、使用方法:
1、試(shi)驗(yan)變做被試(shi)品的工(gong)頻(pin)耐壓試(shi)驗(yan)使用接線原理圖見圖6。
圖5:三(san)臺試驗充壓(ya)器串級(ji)接七原理圖
圖中(zhong):P-容量(KV) V-電壓(KV) G1、G2-絕緣支架(jia)
圖中:R1-限流電阻(zu) FYQ-阻(zu)容分壓器 RF-球間隙保護電阻(zu) G-球間隙 Cx-被試(shi)品
注:高壓尾必(bi)須可靠接地(di)。
工頻耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗中(zhong)限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R1應根據試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器的(de)(de)額定容(rong)量來選擇。如高(gao)壓(ya)側(ce)額定輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)流(liu)在 100-300MA時(shi)(shi),可取(qu)0.5-1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya));高(gao)壓(ya)側(ce)額定輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)流(liu)為1A以上時(shi)(shi),可取(qu)1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya))。常用水(shui)電(dian)(dian)陰(yin)(yin)作為限(xian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu),管(guan)于長度(du)可按150KV/m考慮,管(guan)子(zi)和粗(cu)細應具有足夠的(de)(de)熱容(rong)量(水(shui)阻(zu)液配制方(fang)法:用蒸(zheng)餾水(shui)加入(ru)適量硫酸銅配制成各(ge)種不同(tong)的(de)(de)陰(yin)(yin)值)。
球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)及保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu):當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超過(guo)球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)整定值時(一(yi)般取(qu)(qu)試驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的110%-120%)球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian),對(dui)被試品起(qi)到保護作用。球(qiu)(qiu)間(jian)隙(xi)保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)可按1Ω/V(試驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓)選取(qu)(qu)。
在(zai)工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)中,低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀(yi)表電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是(shi)(shi)非常(chang)準確的(de),其原因(yin)是(shi)(shi)由于試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)漏抗(kang),在(zai)這上(shang)個漏抗(kang)上(shang)必(bi)然存在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降或容(rong)(rong)升(sheng),使(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上(shang)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于或高于低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上(shang)反映(ying)出(chu)來的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時,被(bei)(bei)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上(shang)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高于試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya),也就是(shi)(shi)所謂容(rong)(rong)升(sheng)現象。感應耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時。試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)漏抗(kang)必(bi)須存在(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降。為了準確測量(liang)(liang)被(bei)(bei)試(shi)(shi)(shi)品上(shang)所施加電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya),因(yin)此常(chang)在(zai)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)接入RCF阻容(rong)(rong)分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖6)。
工頻(pin)耐壓試驗操作注意(yi)事項
(1)試驗人員應做好分工,明確(que)相互間辦(ban)法。并有(you)專門人監護現(xian)場安全及觀察(cha)試品狀態。
(2)被試品(pin)應清(qing)掃(sao)干(gan)凈,并干(gan)燥,以免損壞被試品(pin)和試驗帶來的誤差。
(3)對(dui)丁(ding)大型試(shi)驗,一般都應先進行空(kong)升(sheng)試(shi)驗。即(ji)不接試(shi)品時升(sheng)壓至(zhi)試(shi)驗電壓,校對(dui)各種表(biao)計,調(diao)整間隙。
(4)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)速度不能太(tai)快,并必須防止突然加壓(ya)(ya)。例如調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)不在零位的(de)突然合閘,也不能突然切斷電源,一般應在調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)降至零位時(shi)拉(la)閘。
(5)當電(dian)(dian)壓升(sheng)至試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓時(shi),開(kai)始計時(shi),到1min后,迅速(su)降到1/3試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓以下時(shi),才能拉開(kai)電(dian)(dian)源。
(6)在升壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗過程,如發現下列(lie)不正常情況時,應立(li)即降壓(ya),切斷電源,停止試(shi)驗并查(cha)明原(yuan)因:①電壓(ya)表指針(zhen)擺動很大;②發現絕緣燒焦或冒(mao)煙;③被試(shi)品(pin)內有(you)不正常的聲音。
(7)耐(nai)壓試驗前(qian)后應測量絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)阻,檢查絕(jue)緣(yuan)情況。
試驗變壓器在(zai)做被(bei)試品的直(zhi)流耐壓或泄漏試驗時接線原理圖如圖7。
注:此試驗(yan)應先抽出短路桿“D”,圖7中所示。
圖(tu)7:高壓直流泄漏試驗接線圖(tu)
圖:VD-高(gao)壓硅(gui)堆 R1-限流電(dian)阻 C1-高(gao)壓濾波(bo)電(dian)容
FYQ-阻容分壓器 Cx-被試品(pin) A-帶保護微安(an)表
泄露(lu)試驗(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R1選擇在(zai)額定輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時,輸(shu)出(chu)端短(duan)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超(chao)過高壓硅(gui)堆的(de)大整流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓硅(gui)堆的(de)大整流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為100mA時用于60KV的(de)試驗(yan)裝置中(zhong)(zhong)限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)陰按R1=60/0,1=600KΩ選擇。限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻按R1=60/01=600KΩ選擇,限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻應具有足夠的(de)容量和(he)沿面放電(dian)(dian)(dian)距離。高壓濾流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容C1一般(ban)選擇在(zai)0.01-0.1HF,當被(bei)試品(pin)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容量很(hen)大時,C1可省略不用。
泄漏試驗(yan)的(de)操作(zuo)及注意事項
(1)試(shi)驗前(qian)應先檢查被試(shi)品是否停電(dian)(dian),接地放電(dian)(dian),一切(qie)對外連線是否擦凈。要(yao)嚴(yan)防將試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓加到(dao)人工作部(bu)位(wei)上去(qu)。
(2)接好(hao)試(shi)驗裝置的(de)接線(xian)后(hou),應(ying)復查(cha)無誤后(hou)才可加壓(ya)(ya)。應(ying)特(te)別注意檢查(cha)高壓(ya)(ya)設備(bei)及引線(xian)與地與操作人員的(de)安(an)全距離(li),被試(shi)品的(de)外殼是否可靠接地,要(yao)按安(an)全規(gui)程中所(suo)規(gui)定的(de)內容進行試(shi)驗。
(3)對于大電(dian)容(rong)量設備應緩慢升壓(ya),防止被試(shi)品的(de)充電(dian)電(dian)流燒壞微安表。必要時應分級加壓(ya),分別(bie)讀取各(ge)級電(dian)壓(ya)下微安表的(de)穩定讀數。
(4)試驗(yan)過程(cheng),應(ying)密(mi)切監視被(bei)試品、試驗(yan)裝(zhuang)置、微安表,一旦發生擊穿(chuan)、閃爍(shuo)等異常(chang)現象(xiang)應(ying)立即降壓,切斷(duan)電源,并查明原因,詳細記錄。
(5)試驗完畢,降(jiang)壓,切斷電源后應將被試品及試驗裝置本身充分放電。
五、注意事項
1、按照您所進行的(de)(de)試驗(yan)接(jie)好工作線(xian)路。試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)外殼以(yi)及(ji)操(cao)作系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)外殼必須可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)接(jie)地,試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)高壓繞(rao)阻(zu)的(de)(de)x端(高壓尾)以(yi)及(ji)測量繞(rao)組的(de)(de)F端必須可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)接(jie)地。
2、做串級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)時(shi),第二級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)低壓繞(rao)(rao)組的(de)(de)X端(duan),測(ce)量繞(rao)(rao)阻的(de)(de)F端(duan)以及高壓繞(rao)(rao)組的(de)(de)X端(duan)(高壓尾)均接(jie)本級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)外殼,第二級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)外殼必須通過絕緣支(zhi)架接(jie)地(di)。
3、接通電源前,操(cao)作系統的調(diao)(diao)壓(ya)器必須調(diao)(diao) 到零位后(hou)方可接通電源,合(he)閘,開始升(sheng)壓(ya)。
4、從(cong)零(ling)開(kai)始(shi)勻帶旋轉調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方式有(you):快(kuai)速升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法,即20S逐(zhu)級(ji)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法;慢速升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法,即60S逐(zhu)級(ji)升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法;慢速升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法供選用。電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)從(cong)零(ling)開(kai)始(shi)按一(yi)定的升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方式和(he)速度上升(sheng)到您所需(xu)的額(e)定試驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的75%后,再以(yi)每秒(miao)2%額(e)定試驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)從(cong)零(ling)開(kai)始(shi)按一(yi)定的升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方式和(he)速度上升(sheng)到您所需(xu)的額(e)定試驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya),并密切(qie)(qie)注意測量儀表的批(pi)示以(yi)及被試品的情況。升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)或試驗過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)如發現測量儀表的指(zhi)示及被試品情況異(yi)常,應立即降壓(ya)(ya)(ya),切(qie)(qie)斷電(dian)源,查明情況。
5、試(shi)驗完畢后(hou),應在數(shu)秒(miao)內勻速的將調壓器返(fan)回至零(ling)位,然后(hou)切斷(duan)電(dian)源(yuan)。
6、本產品有(you)得超(chao)過額定參數使用。除試驗必需外,決不允許全電壓通電或斷(duan)電。
7、使用本(ben)產品(pin)做高壓(ya)試驗時,除熟悉(xi)本(ben)說明外,還必須嚴格執行國(guo)家(jia)有關(guan)標準(zhun)和操(cao)作規程(cheng)(cheng),可參(can)照GB311-83《高壓(ya)輸變設(she)備(bei)的(de)絕緣配合,高壓(ya)試驗技術》;《電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)預防性試驗規程(cheng)(cheng)》等。
六、配套產品
1、操作系統:
XZC系(xi)列操(cao)作(zuo)箱(xiang):容量:1KVA-5KVA,輸入電壓:0.22KV
KZT系(xi)列(lie)操作臺(tai):容量:10K/A-300KVA輸入電壓:0.22KV 、0.38KV
2、保(bao)護式數(shu)字微安表SWB-Ⅱ
3、阻容式交直流分壓器(qi)FYQ-50、100、150、220KV
4、高壓直流放(fang)電棒(bang)FZ-70、140、210KV
5、高壓硅堆:2DL-150、300、450KV
6、絕緣支架50、100、200、300KV
7、高壓(ya)濾波(bo)電容0.01UF,40-100KV
8、均壓球
9、保護球隙:Q-50、100、150、200、250、500
10、標準試油杯400ml
11、介質油杯
12、折(zhe)疊(die)式小推(tui)車150、300型
13、水電阻
14、高壓(ya)驗電器10KV、35KV
15、高(gao)壓(ya)定相器10KV、35KV/110KV、220KV
16、各(ge)種萬(wan)用表、兆歐表及測試線
七、試驗(yan)變壓器的容量選擇:
標準試驗變壓器(qi)容量(liang)Pn的確定公式:Pn=KVn2ωct×10-9。
式(shi)中:Pn—標(biao)稱試驗變壓(ya)器容量(KVA)
Vn—試驗變(bian)壓器的額定輸出高壓的有效值(KV)
K—安(an)全系數。K≥1,標(biao)稱(cheng)電壓Vn≥1MV時,K=2,標(biao)稱(cheng)電壓較(jiao)低時,K值可取高一些,
ct—被試(shi)品的電容量(PF)
ω—角頻(pin)率(lv), 2лf.F-試驗電源的頻(pin)率(lv)。
被試設備的電容量ct可由(you)交流電橋測出。Ct的變(bian)化(hua)很大,可由(you)設備的類型
而定。典型數據如下:
簡單(dan)的(de)棒式(shi)或懸掛式(shi)絕緣(yuan)子 幾十微法
簡單的分級套管 100-1000PF
電壓互感器 200-500PF
電壓(ya)變壓(ya)器<1000KVA -1000PF
>1000KVA 1000-10000PF
高壓電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)和油浸紙絕(jue)緣 250-300PF/m
氣體(ti)絕緣(yuan) -60PF/m
封閉變電(dian)站,SF6氣體絕(jue)緣(yuan) 100-10000PF
對于不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)試驗(yan)電壓(ya)Vn,選擇(ze)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(適(shi)當的(de)(de))安全系(xi)數K。以下列出不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)Vn所選用的(de)(de)K值供參(can)考(kao)。
Vn=50-100KV K=4
Vn=150-300KV K=3
Vn>300KV K=2
八(ba)、試驗變壓器主要技術參(can)數表
(一)、輕型交直流試驗變壓器(見表1)
(二)、輕型交直流試驗變壓器(見表(biao)2
表(biao)1、輕型交直流試驗(yan)變(bian)壓器
型號 | 容量 | 高壓電壓(KV) | 高壓電流(mA) | 低壓輸入 | 變比 | 溫升℃ | |||
(KVA) | AC | DC | AC | DC | 電壓(V) | 電流(A) | 高/儀 | 30分鐘 | |
1.5/50 | 1.5 | 50 | 70 | 30 | 15 | 200 | 7.5 | 500 | 10 |
3/50 | 3 | 50 | 70 | 60 | 15 | 200 | 15 | 500 | 10 |
5/50 | 5 | 50 | 70 | 100 | 15 | 200 | 25 | 500 | 10 |
10/50 | 10 | 50 | 70 | 200 | 50 | 200 | 50 | 500 | 10 |
20/50 | 20 | 50 | 70 | 400 | 100 | 400 | 50 | 500 | 10 |
30/50 | 30 | 50 | 70 | 600 | 100 | 400 | 75 | 500 | 10 |
40/50 | 40 | 50 | 70 | 800 | 105 | 400 | 100 | 500 | 10 |
50/50 | 50 | 50 | 70 | 1000 | 100 | 400 | 125 | 500 | 10 |
10/100 | 10 | 100 | 140 | 100 | 50 | 400 | 25 | 1000 | 10 |
20/100 | 20 | 100 | 140 | 200 | 100 | 400 | 50 | 1000 | 10 |
30/100 | 30 | 100 | 140 | 300 | 100 | 400 | 75 | 1000 | 10 |
40/100 | 40 | 100 | 140 | 400 | 100 | 400 | 100 | 1000 | 10 |
50/100 | 50 | 100 | 140 | 500 | 100 | 400 | 125 | 1000 | 10 |
20/100 | 20 | 150 | 210 | 133 | 100 | 400 | 50 | 1500 | 10 |
30/100 | 30 | 150 | 210 | 200 | 100 | 400 | 75 | 1500 | 10 |
40/100 | 40 | 150 | 210 | 267 | 100 | 400 | 100 | 1500 | 10 |
50/100 | 50 | 150 | 210 | 333 | 100 | 400 | 125 | 1500 | 10 |
100/150 | 100 | 150 | 210 | 667 | 150 | 400 | 250 | 1500 | 10 |
注:本(ben)系列(lie)產品中(zhong)有200V的串(chuan)級抽頭,可(ke)(ke)二臺或三臺串(chuan)級成交流(liu)100KV、150KV、200KV、300KV直流(liu)140 KV、210 KV、280 KV、420 KV、的高電壓(ya)。并可(ke)(ke)根(gen)據用戶需要在高壓(ya)繞組抽出5-15 KV的中(zhong)壓(ya)抽頭,供(gong)高壓(ya)機(ji)作(zuo)交流(liu)耐壓(ya)試驗。并可(ke)(ke)定制特殊規格的試驗變壓(ya)器。
表2、輕型交流試驗(yan)變壓(ya)器
型號 | 容量 | 高壓電壓 | 高壓電流 | 低壓輸入 | 變比 | 溫升℃ | |
(KVA) | (KV) | (mA) | 電壓(V) | 電流(A) | 高/儀 | 30分鐘 | |
1.5/50 | 1.5 | 50 | 30 | 200 | 7.5 | 500 | 10 |
3/50 | 3 | 50 | 60 | 200 | 15 | 500 | 10 |
5/50 | 5 | 50 | 100 | 200 | 25 | 500 | 10 |
10/50 | 10 | 50 | 200 | 200 | 50 | 500 | 10 |
20/50 | 20 | 50 | 400 | 380 | 53 | 500 | 10 |
30/50 | 30 | 50 | 600 | 380 | 79 | 500 | 10 |
50/50 | 50 | 50 | 1000 | 380 | 12 | 500 | 10 |
5/100 | 5 | 100 | 50 | 200 | 25 | 1000 | 10 |
10/100 | 10 | 100 | 100 | 200 | 50 | 1000 | 10 |
20/100 | 20 | 100 | 200 | 400 | 50 | 1000 | 10 |
30/100 | 30 | 100 | 300 | 400 | 75 | 1000 | 10 |
50/100 | 50 | 100 | 500 | 400 | 125 | 1000 | 10 |
20/150 | 20 | 150 | 133 | 400 | 50 | 1500 | 10 |
30/150 | 30 | 150 | 200 | 400 | 75 | 1500 | 10 |
50/150 | 50 | 150 | 333 | 400 | 125 | 1500 | 10 |
100/150 | 100 | 150 | 667 | 400 | 250 | 1500 | 10 |
50/200 | 50 | 200 | 250 | 400 | 125 | 2000 | 10 |
100/200 | 100 | 200 | 500 | 400 | 250 | 2000 | 10 |
150/200 | 150 | 200 | 750 | 400 | 375 | 2000 | 10 |
200/200 | 200 | 200 | 1000 | 400 | 500 | 2000 | 10 |
300/200 | 300 | 200 | 1500 | 400 | 600 | 2000 | 10 |
50/300 | 50 | 300 | 170 | 400 | 125 | 3000 | 10 |
100/300 | 100 | 300 | 333 | 400 | 250 | 3000 | 10 |
150/300 | 150 | 300 | 500 | 400 | 375 | 3000 | 10 |
200/300 | 200 | 300 | 667 | 400 | 500 | 3000 | 10 |
300/300 | 300 | 300 | 3000 | 500 | 600 | 3000 | 10 |
九、產品附件:
使(shi)用說(shuo)明書 1份 產(chan)品合格證 1份